Type of Mutation

Mutations are changes that occur in genetic material (DNA or RNA), both at the level of gene sequences (point mutations) or at the level of chromosomes. Mutations at the chromosomal level are usually called aberration. Mutations in the gene may lead to the emergence of new alleles and the basis for the emergence of new variations on the species.

Several examples of mutations:
Somatic mutations are mutations in somatic cells, such as skin cells. These mutations are not inherited in the offspring. Gamete mutations are mutations that occur in gamete cells, such as cells of the reproductive organs including sperm and ovum in humans. Because of the gamete cells, it will be passed on to offspring.

Point mutation is a change in the base N of DNA or RNA. Point mutations are relatively common but its effects can be reduced by a gene of recovery mechanisms. Point mutations may result in changes in amino acid sequence in proteins, and can result in reduced, changes or loss of enzyme function.

Ingredients that cause mutations are called mutagens. Mutagen is divided into three, namely:

• Mutagenic chemicals like a colchicines. Colchicines are a substance that can block the formation of the threads of the spindle at anaphase and may inhibit the process of cell division in anaphase.
• Mutagen materials physics, for example, ultraviolet rays, radioactive rays, and gamma rays. Ultraviolet rays can cause skin cancer.
• Mutagen biological substances, suspected viruses and bakeries can cause mutations. Of the virus that can cause mutations is DNA.

Source from: Wikipedia